Pancreatic Cancer
Category: 消化器ICD-10: C25
Overview
Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of the pancreas with one of the lowest survival rates among cancers. It is difficult to detect early, and most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Risk factors include smoking, diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, and family history.
Symptoms
Early stages are often asymptomatic. Advanced disease may cause abdominal pain, back pain, jaundice, weight loss, and new-onset diabetes.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves contrast-enhanced CT, MRI/MRCP, and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) provides tissue diagnosis.
Treatments
Resectable tumors undergo surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Borderline resectable cases may receive neoadjuvant therapy. Unresectable cases are treated with FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel.
Latest Research & Approaches
Research focuses on optimal neoadjuvant regimens, novel immunotherapy approaches, and biomarker studies using pancreatic juice and circulating tumor DNA.
Sources & References
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
American Cancer Society
American Cancer Society